Articles
Plain-English articles on how medicines, foods and supplements interact, and on the EU rules for food supplements. Written by Milen Cholakov, MPharm, with every claim referenced to official product information, EU law or peer-reviewed sources.
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St John's wort and medicines: how it interacts, and who should be careful
How St John's wort speeds up the breakdown of many medicines (CYP3A4, P-glycoprotein), which medicines are most affected, and the serotonin risk with antidepressants.
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Grapefruit juice and medicines: why one glass can matter
How grapefruit blocks the CYP3A4 enzyme in the gut, which medicines are affected (some statins, felodipine, ciclosporin), and why spacing them apart doesn't reliably help.
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Levothyroxine with calcium, iron, magnesium or coffee: why timing matters
Why calcium, iron and magnesium supplements and morning coffee can reduce levothyroxine absorption, and what the official product information says about spacing.
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For companies
Green tea extract and EGCG: the EU limit and label warnings for food supplements
For companies: what Regulation (EU) 2022/2340 requires for green tea extracts containing EGCG, including the under-800 mg daily limit and the mandatory label warnings.
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These articles are general information, not medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.